Natural Gas vs Electric Hot Water Tanks

When choosing a new hot water heater, homeowners usually need to make two major decisions: the type of system and the energy source. The most common storage tank water heaters run on either electricity or natural gas, and each option has its own advantages and disadvantages.

Understanding the differences between electric and gas storage tank water heaters can help you choose the best system for your home and household needs.

Electric Hot Water Tanks

An electric hot water tank uses electricity to power heating elements inside the tank. These elements heat the water stored in the tank so it is ready when you need it.

The amount of energy used by an electric water heater is measured in watts (W). Generally, the higher the wattage, the faster the heating elements can warm the water.

Costs

• Electric water heaters typically have a lower upfront purchase price.
• Operating costs are often higher because electricity is usually more expensive than natural gas in many areas.

Efficiency

Efficiency refers to how effectively a water heater converts energy into usable hot water. Older models used the Energy Factor (EF) rating to measure efficiency. In 2017, the industry introduced the Uniform Energy Factor (UEF), which is now the standard measurement.

The higher the UEF rating, the more efficient the water heater compared to similar models.

Electric water heaters are generally considered more energy efficient than gas models.

Recovery Rate

The recovery rate measures how much hot water the tank can reheat in one hour after being completely drained. It is usually measured in gallons per hour (GPH).

Electric water heaters typically have an average recovery rate of around 14 GPH, which is lower than most gas models.

Other Considerations

• Electric heaters require electricity to operate and will not work during a power outage.
• Because electricity and water are close together, proper installation and safety measures are important.

Gas Hot Water Tanks

A gas water heater burns fuel such as natural gas or propane to heat water in the storage tank. The heat is generated by a burner located underneath the tank.

The heating power of gas water heaters is measured in British Thermal Units (BTUs). The higher the BTU rating, the faster the water heater can heat the tank.

Costs

• Gas water heaters typically cost more to purchase and install.
• Operating costs are often lower because natural gas is generally less expensive than electricity in many regions.

Efficiency

Like electric models, gas water heaters are also rated using the Uniform Energy Factor (UEF). However, gas systems are generally slightly less energy efficient than electric units.

Recovery Rate

Gas water heaters usually have a much higher recovery rate than electric systems. A typical gas storage tank can recover roughly 50 gallons of hot water per hour, which allows it to keep up with higher household demand.

Other Considerations

• Gas water heaters may continue to operate during a power outage.
• They are often better suited for larger households with higher hot water demand.
• Because gas combustion is involved, there are safety considerations such as proper ventilation and the potential for gas or carbon monoxide leaks.

Which Option Is Right for Your Home?

The best choice depends on your household size, hot water usage, installation space, and the energy options available in your home.

Before choosing a system, it is always a good idea to speak with a professional who can evaluate your home and recommend the right solution.

If you are planning to replace your water heater, The Gentlemen Pros can help with expert advice and professional plumbing services to ensure your new system is installed safely and correctly.